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    • 专利摘要:
    The concrete mix containing the cement, the natural aggregate grain sizes 0/4, 4/8, 8/16, 16/32 and mineral additives, and characterized in that a part of at least one grain size of the natural aggregate is 10 to 100% of the amount of natural aggregate of a grain size, or all grain sizes of the natural aggregate are replaced by the aggregate of materials having binder properties consisting of recycled construction waste, ceramic waste, waste materials from industrial processes or preparations of industrial processes or by-products during production of iron, steel, copper, ferroalloys, waste products from the production of electrical energy, and / or a portion of the cement in the range of 1 to 25% of the amount of cement in the concrete mixture by a finely ground mineral additive with binder properties with particle size up to 80 0 microns are replaced.
    公开号:AT16116U1
    申请号:TGM50220/2017U
    申请日:2017-12-13
    公开日:2019-02-15
    发明作者:Martauz Pavel；Cvopa Branislav
    申请人:Povazska Cementaren As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CONCRETE MIX
    TECHNICAL FIELD The technical solution relates to concrete mixes with the partial replacement of the hydraulic binder, especially cement, and with the partial or complete replacement of the natural aggregate by a mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste, ceramic waste, waste materials industrial processes or preparations of industrial processes or by-products from the production of iron, steel, copper, ferro-alloys, waste products from the production of electrical energy etc.
    PREVIOUS PRIOR ART Currently, concrete is the most commonly used building material. However, from the perspective of durability, the concrete has a serious problem. The low life span of the concrete is mainly caused by cracks that result from changes in volume, the low flexural strength under load in the so-called contact zone (interfacial transition zone - ITZ) between the aggregate and the cement paste, the degradation and biodegradation due to exposure of biochemical substances which, together with water and water vapors, penetrate the concrete structure through cracks, which subsequently causes corrosion of the steel reinforcement.
    The aggregate forms about three quarters of the volume of the concrete mixture, which then still contains cement, water, mineral additives and chemical additives. The most common aggregate for concrete is gravel or crushed stone. The gravel or crushed stone does not react with the cement, which means that the contact zone ITZ between the aggregate and the cement paste degrades over time, which also degrades the quality of the concrete. The contact zone ITZ is therefore the weakest point in the concrete.
    Technical standards that apply to concrete production in Europe, i.e. EN 206 allows the following components to be used for the production of concrete: Cements CEM I, CEM II, CEM III / A and CEM III / B, manufactured in accordance with EN 197-1, they also allow the use of fly ash that meets the requirements of EN 450-1 fulfilled, the ground granulated blast furnace slag according to EN 15167-1, silica dust according to EN 13263-1. The maximum W / B ratio (water / binder, i.e. cement and mineral additive of type II) and the minimum binder content are also prescribed.
    The requirements for the aggregate are specified in EN 12620. This European EN standard specifies the properties of the aggregate and the stone flour, which are obtained by processing the natural, artificial or recycled material and its mixtures.
    The technical standards applicable to concrete production in Austria, i.e. ÖNORM EN 206 and ÖNORM B 4710-1 allow the following components to be used for concrete production: Cements CEM I, CEM II, CEM III / A and CEM III / B, which are manufactured in accordance with ÖNORM EN 1971 / ÖNORM B 3327-1 were allowed to use fly ash that meets the requirements of ÖNORM EN 450-1, then the ground granulated blast furnace slag according to ÖNORM EN 15167-1, the silica dust according to ÖNORM EN 13263-1 and the AHWZ (prepared hydraulically effective additives), that meet the requirements of ÖNORM B 3309-1 to 3. In addition, the maximum W / B ratio (water / binder, i.e. cement and mineral additive of type II) and also the minimum binder content are prescribed.
    The requirements for the aggregate are in ÖNORM EN 12620 and ÖNORM
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    B 3140 specified.
    The European standard EN 12620 specifies the properties of the aggregate and stone powder, which were obtained by processing the natural, artificial or recycled material and its mixtures. The national standard ÖNORM B 3140 - Recycled aggregate for non-compacted and hydraulically compacted use and for concrete. This standard defines the recycled aggregate as aggregate that is created by processing the inorganic or mineral material that was previously used as building material.
    BEING OF THE TECHNICAL SOLUTION The aim of this technical solution is a concrete mixture which, on the one hand, is used to achieve the efficient use of waste building materials, ceramic waste materials, waste materials from industrial processes or preparation of industrial processes or by-products in the production of iron, steel, copper, Ferroalloys, etc., would contribute to waste products in the production of electrical energy, whereby the amount of cement, as well as the amount of natural aggregate in the construction concrete mixes could advantageously be reduced while maintaining the standardized required strength properties of the final concrete.
    The stated goal is achieved with a concrete mixture containing the cement, the natural aggregate grain sizes 0/4, 4/8, 8/16, 16/32 and mineral additives, some of which have at least one grain size of the natural aggregate in Volume of 10 to 100% of the amount of aggregate of a grain size, or all grain sizes of the natural aggregate are replaced by aggregate from materials with binder properties, which are made from recycled construction waste, ceramic waste, waste materials from industrial processes or preparations of industrial processes or by-products during production from iron, steel, copper, ferro-alloys, waste products in the production of electrical energy, and / or part of the cement in the amount of 1 to 25% of the amount of cement in the concrete mix due to the finely ground mineral additive with binder properties with particle size up to 800 microns is replaced.
    The mineral additive with binder properties is advantageously selected from the group that a finely ground mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste with a fineness that is specified with the sieve residue of 45 microns below 65%, the crude pearlite grain size 0 / 0.07, the finely ground waste, consisting of ceramic insulators with fineness, which is specified with a sieve residue of 63 micrometers below 50%, fine concrete dust, captured in the dedusting of the recycling line for shredding construction waste, consisting exclusively of concretes with fineness , which is specified with the sieve residue of 45 micrometers below 60%, the fly ash as an additive of type II for concrete, the fine dust from the aerated concrete from the captured dust during the recycling of aerated concrete with fineness, that with the sieve residue of 45 micrometers below 50% is specified.
    The natural aggregate grain size 0/4 can be replaced in the range of 10 to 100% of the amount of natural aggregate in the concrete mix by the aggregate grain size 0/4 from materials with binder properties, selected from the group that the crushed mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste, the aggregate grain size 0/4, from the crushed waste, consisting of ceramic insulators, the raw perlite grain size 0/4, the Portland clinker grain size 0/4, the aggregate grain size 0/4 from the Recycling only of concretes, the fly ash grain size 0/4, the slag grain size 0/4 from the metal production, the aggregate grain size 0/4 from the recycling exclusively of aerated concrete, the aggregate grain size 0/4, consisting of the crushed waste foam glass.
    The slag from metal production is advantageously selected from the group consisting of steel mill slag, air-cooled blast furnace slag, slag from copper production
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    The natural aggregate can also be completely replaced in the entire range of grain sizes by slags from iron and steel production - by the steel works slag, the air-cooled blast furnace slag or the shredded waste foam glass or their combinations.
    The natural aggregate grain size 0/4 and 4/8 is advantageously replaced by the steelwork slag grain size 0/4 and 4/8, and the natural aggregate grain size 8/16 and 16/32 is replaced by the cooled blast furnace slag grain size 8/16 and 16/32 replaced, or the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 and 4/8 is replaced by the shredded waste foam glass.
    It is advantageous if the mineral additive is based on the same material as the replacement of the natural aggregate in the concrete mixture, or on the basis of a chemically related material such as the replacement of the natural aggregate in the concrete mixture.
    Advantageous specific combinations of the mineral additive based on the same material as the replacement of the natural aggregate can be if the finely ground mineral additive by a finely ground mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste with fineness caused by sieve residue of 45 microns below 65%, and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the crushed mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of the raw perlite grain size 0 / 0.07 and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the raw perlite grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of the finely ground waste, consisting of ceramic insulators with fineness, due to the sieve residue of 63 Micrometers under 50% spec and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the shredded waste consisting of ceramic insulators grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of fine dust that is captured during the dedusting of the recycling line to shred the construction waste which consists exclusively of concretes with the fineness specified with a sieve residue of 45 micrometers below 60%, and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the aggregate from recycling exclusively of concrete grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of fly ash as additive of type II for the concrete, and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of fly ash grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of the fine dust from the aerated concrete dust removal at the recycling plant aerated concrete with the fineness specified with a sieve residue of 45 micrometers below 50%, and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the crushed aerated concrete grain size 0/4.
    In the case of the concrete mix where part of the aggregate is replaced by a chemically active aggregate, i.e. an aggregate of the material having binder properties and at the same time a part of the cement is replaced by a finely ground or dust material based on the same material as the aggregate mentioned, or by a chemically related material such as the aggregate mentioned, the properties the contact zone ITZ and the internal hydration with the long-term increase in the mechanical properties of the manufactured concrete improved.
    This solution protects the environment by saving natural resources and at the same time creating conditions for the environmentally friendly recycling of various waste materials, such as construction waste, ceramic waste, such as ceramic insulators, from the dedusting from the recycling of construction waste, such as the concrete dust, that arises from the recycling of concrete or preparation of industrial processes, such as B. raw perlite grain size 0 / 0.07, which is not suitable for further processing, for. B. expanded perlite, and by-products from the production of iron, steel, copper and ferroalloys,
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    Waste products in the production of electrical energy, such as fly ash, without the need to store them in a landfill.
    By replacing the natural raw materials, the need to promote natural raw materials that are used for the production of concrete is reduced, which has a positive influence on the conservation of the natural environment, then the environmental impact associated with the consumption of energy is reduced connected, which is necessary for the promotion and processing of these natural raw materials.
    EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION Example 1 To produce 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
    Cement CEM II / B-S 42.5 N 255 kg finely ground mixture of materials from the
    Recycling of construction and demolition waste 30 kg
    Water 168.9 kg natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 902 kg natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 196 kg natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm 334 kg natural aggregate grain size 16/32 mm 534 kg
    Concrete plasticizer 2.1 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 34.5 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 25/30. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class XC2, and it can replace the concrete that was originally used with min. 280 kg of cement was produced.
    The mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste is ground to a fineness that is specified with the sieve residue of 45 microns below 65%.
    In this example, 25 kg of cement were replaced by the finely ground mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste, which corresponds to the replacement of 8.9% cement.
    The k-value of 0.8 was used for the cement replacement mentioned. The k-value determines how many kg of pozzolana additive must be added to the 1 m 3 concrete so that its effect replaces the adequate proportion of the concrete used. The k-value generally expresses the coefficient of functional relationship between the binding effect of the cement and the binding effect of the pozzolana additive for the concrete properties, usually its compressive strength.
    Example 2 For the production of 1 m 3 concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared, which consisted of the following components:
    Cement CEM I 42.5 N 255 kg finely ground mixture of materials from the
    Recycling of construction and demolition waste 30 kg
    Water 168.9 kg crushed mixture of materials of the
    Construction and demolition waste grain size 0/4 mm 236 kg natural aggregate grain size. 0/4 mm 627 kg natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 196 kg natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm 334 kg
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    Concrete plasticizer 2.1 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strength of 41.1 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 30/37. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class XC3.
    The mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste is ground to a fineness that is specified with the sieve residue of 45 microns below 65%.
    In this example, 25 kg of cement CEM I were replaced by the finely ground mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste, which corresponds to the replacement of 8.9% cement, and 275 kg of natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm were replaced by a shredded mixture from the recycling of construction and demolition waste, which represents the replacement of 30.5% of the amount of natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm.
    The k-value of 0.8 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    Example 3 A concrete mixture consisting of the following components was prepared for the production of 1 m 3 of concrete:
    Cement CEM II / B-S 42.5 N 245 kg finely ground mixture of materials from the
    Recycling of construction and demolition waste 50 kg
    Water 150 kg crushed mixture of materials from the
    Construction and demolition waste grain size 0/4 mm 250 kg natural aggregate grain size. 0/4 mm 177 kg natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 413 kg natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm 484 kg natural aggregate grain size 16/32 mm 576 kg
    Concrete plasticizer 2.1 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 37.6 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 25/30. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class XC2, and it can replace the concrete that was originally made using 280 kg cement and 492 kg natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm.
    The mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste is ground to a fineness that is specified with the sieve residue of 45 microns below 65%.
    In this example, 35 kg of cement were replaced by the finely ground mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste, which corresponds to the replacement of 12.5% cement, and 316 kg of natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm were by a shredded mixture of the recycling of construction and demolition waste grain size 0/4 replaced, which represents the replacement of 65% of the amount of natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm.
    The k value of 0.8 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    Example 4 To produce 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
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    water
    Steelwork slag grain size 0/8 mm
    Concrete plasticizer
    350 kg
    110 kg
    2,390 kg
    2.8 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 27.6 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 20/25. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class X0.
    In this example, 100% natural aggregate was replaced by the steel slag grain size 0/8.
    Example 5 To produce 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
    Cement II / B-S 42.5 N 360 kg
    Water 181 kg
    Steelworks slag grain size 0/4 mm 718 kg
    Steel slag grain size. 4/8 mm 420 kg air-cooled blast furnace slag grit. 8/16 mm 359 kg air-cooled blast furnace slag grit. 16/32 mm 139 kg
    Concrete plasticizer 3.6 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 66.2 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 50/60. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class XD2.
    In this example, 100% natural aggregate was replaced by the steel mill slag grain sizes 0/4 and 4/8 and the air-cooled blast furnace slag grain sizes 8/16 and 16/32.
    Example 6 To produce 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
    Cement II / B-S 42.5 N 275 kg
    Water 160 kg
    SiMn slag grain size 0/4 mm 676 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 0 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 19 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm 1,228 kg
    Plasticizer 2.5 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 48.4 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 35/45. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class XC3.
    In this example, 100% natural aggregate grain size 0/4 were replaced by the SiMn slag grain size 0/4 from the production of ferroalloys.
    Example 7 A concrete mixture consisting of the following components was prepared for the production of 1 m 3 of concrete:
    Cement I 52.5 R 380 kg
    Water 135 kg
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    Portland clinker grain size 0/4 mm
    Natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm
    Natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm concrete plasticizer
    506 kg
    159 kg
    195 kg
    1,014 kg
    3.8 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 69.4 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 55/67.
    In this example, 76% natural aggregate grain size 0/4 were replaced by Portland clinker grain size 0/4.
    Example 8 A concrete mixture consisting of the following components was prepared for the production of 1 m 3 of concrete:
    Cement CEM II / B-S 42.5 NwaterCu slag grain size 0/4 mmNatural aggregate grain size 0/4 mmNatural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm concrete plasticizer 310 kg145 kg806 kg159 kg239 kg1,034 kg2.48 kg
    The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 56.3 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 40/50. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure classes XC2 and XC3.
    In this example, 68% natural aggregate grain size 0/4 were replaced by the Cu slag grain size 0/4 from the production of copper.
    Example 9 For the production of 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
    Cement CEM II / B-S 42.5 NwaterRaw perlite grain size 0 / 0.07 mmRaw perlite grain size 0/4 mmNatural aggregate grain size 0/4 mmNatural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm concrete plasticizer 200 kg157 kg60 kg81.5 kg733 kg239 kg1,034 kg2.0 kg
    The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 28.5 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 20/25. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class XC0.
    In this example, 30 kg of cement were replaced by pearlite grain size 0 / 0.07, which corresponds to 13% of the amount of cement, and 10% natural aggregate grain size 0/4 were replaced by pearlite grain size 0/4 mm.
    The k value of 0.5 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    Example 10 To produce 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
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    Water finely ground ceramic insulators aggregate from crushed ceramic insulators grain size 0/4 mm natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm concrete plasticizer
    304 kg
    135 kg kg
    345 kg
    351 kg
    195 kg
    1,014 kg
    3.8 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 67.8 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 50/60. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure classes XA2, XF3 and XD3.
    The ceramic insulators are ground to the fineness that is specified with the sieve residue of 63 microns below 50%.
    In this example, 61 kg of cement was replaced by 76 kg of finely ground ceramic insulators, which corresponds to 20% of the amount of cement, and 53% of natural aggregate grain size 0/4 were replaced by aggregate grain size 0/4 mm, which consisted of the crushed ceramic insulators exists, replaced.
    The k value of 0.8 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    Example 11 A concrete mixture consisting of the following components was prepared for the production of 1 m 3 of concrete:
    Cement II / B-S 42.5 N 250 kg
    Water 135 kg of finely ground dust from the
    Recycling of concrete 50 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 689 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 341 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm 947 kg
    Plasticizer 2.5 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 43.0 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 30/37. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class XC3.
    In this example, 20 kg of cement was replaced by 50 kg of dust from the recycling of concrete, which corresponds to 7.4% of the amount of cement.
    The k value of 0.4 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    Example 12 To prepare 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
    Cement II / B-S 42.5 N 255 kg
    Water 148 kg of finely ground dust from the
    Recycling of concrete grain size 0/4 mm 30 kg
    Aggregate from recycling only from concrete grain size. 0/4 mm 234 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 203 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 420 kg
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    Natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm
    Natural aggregate grain size 16/32
    Concrete plasticizer
    492 kg
    585 kg
    2.3 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 41.7 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 30/37. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class XC3.
    The dust from the recycling of concretes has a fineness that is specified with the sieve residue of 45 micrometers below 60%.
    In this example, 12 kg of cement was replaced by 30 kg of dust from the recycling of concrete, which corresponds to 4.5% of the amount of cement, and 50% natural aggregate grain size 0/4 was obtained from aggregate grain size 0/4 mm from the recycling replaced by concrete.
    The k value of 0.4 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    Example 13 To produce 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
    Cement II / B-S 42.5 N 200 kg
    Water 157 kg
    Fly ash as additive of type II for concrete 50 kg
    Fly ash as a replacement for the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 64 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 715 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 340 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm 821 kg
    Concrete plasticizer 1.0 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 26.7 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 16/20 and C 20/25. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class X0.
    In this example, 22 kg of cement were replaced by 50 kg of flying matter, which corresponds to 9.9% of the amount of cement, and 8.4% natural aggregate grain size 0/4 were replaced by fly ash grain size 0/4 mm.
    The k value of 0.4 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    Example 14 To produce 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
    Cement II / B-S 42.5 N 260 kg
    Water 165 kg
    Fly ash as an additive of type II for concrete 65 kg
    Fly ash as a substitute for natural
    Aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 183 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 530 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 324 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm 783 kg
    Concrete plasticizer 1.3 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strength of 41.9 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 30/37. The quality parameters
    AT16 116U1 2019-02-15 Austrian
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    In this example, 26 kg of cement were replaced by 65 kg of fly ash, which corresponds to 9.1% of the amount of cement, and 24.2% natural aggregate grain size 0/4 were replaced by fly ash grain size 0/4 mm.
    The k value of 0.4 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    Example 15 To produce 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
    Cement CEM II / B-S 42.5 N 200 kg finely ground aerated concrete 50 kg
    Water 157 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 793 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 340 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm 820 kg
    Concrete plasticizer 1.0 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 27.6 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 20/25. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class X0.
    In this example, 20 kg of cement were replaced by 50 kg of finely ground aerated concrete, which corresponds to 9.1% of the amount of cement.
    The k-value of 0.4 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    Example 16 To produce 1 m 3 of concrete, a concrete mixture was prepared which consisted of the following components:
    Cement II / B-S 42.5 N 200 kg
    Water 157 kg finely ground aerated concrete 50 kg crushed aerated concrete as a replacement for the natural aggregate grain size. 0/4 mm 33.48 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 0/4 mm 633 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 4/8 mm 339 kg
    Natural aggregate grain size 8/16 mm 819 kg
    Plasticizer 2.4 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 22.9 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 16/20. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class X0.
    In this example, 20 kg of cement were replaced by 50 kg of finely ground aerated concrete, which corresponds to 9.1% of the amount of cement, and 20.1% natural aggregate grain size 0/4 were replaced by the crushed aerated concrete grain size 0/4 mm.
    The k value of 0.4 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    The crushed aerated concrete is created by crushing and sorting construction and demolition waste, which consists exclusively of the aerated concrete. The finely ground dust from the aerated concrete is obtained by capturing dedusting during the recycling (crushing and sorting) of aerated concrete (the material - the aerated concrete - is supplied under the brand e.g. Ytong, Ypor etc.).
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    AT16 116U1 2019-02-15 Austrian ll ^ r patent office [00118] Example 17 [00119] A concrete mixture consisting of the following components was prepared for the production of 1 m 3 concrete:
    Cement CEM I 42.5 N
    water
    Fly ash as an additive of type II for crushed foam glass as a replacement for the natural aggregate grain size. 0/4 mm crushed foam glass as a replacement for the natural aggregate grain size. 4/8 mm concrete plasticizer
    450 kg
    180 kg kg kg
    210 kg
    2.25 kg The concrete produced reached the 28-day compressive strengths of 15.9 MPa. This concrete meets the requirements of the EN 206 standard for class C 10/15. The quality parameters of the concrete and its composition enable it to be used as construction concrete for exposure class X0.
    In this example, 30 kg of cement were replaced by 75 kg of fly ash, which corresponds to 6.25% of the amount of cement, and 100% natural aggregate grain sizes 0/4 and 4/8 were replaced by crushed foam glass.
    The k value of 0.4 was used for the cement replacement mentioned.
    The crushed foam glass is created by crushing and sorting foam glass, either from the demolition or from the production waste.
    The given examples of implementation represent concrete exemplary compositions of concrete mixtures. However, these examples do not show all the possibilities, combinations and ranges in the composition of concrete mixtures according to this technical solution, which can be prepared in the sense of the essence of this technical solution.
    INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The concrete mixes made from this solution are suitable for use as construction concrete for class C55 / 67 for all applications across the full range of exposure classes.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. The concrete mixture containing cement, natural aggregate grain sizes 0/4, 4/8, 8/16, 16/32 and mineral additives, which is characterized in that a part of at least one grain size of natural aggregate in the range of 10 to 100% of the amount of aggregate of a grain size, or all grain sizes of natural aggregate are replaced by aggregate from materials with binder properties, which are made from recycled construction waste, ceramic waste, waste materials from industrial processes or preparation of industrial processes or by-products from the production of iron, steel , Copper, ferro alloys, waste products in the production of electrical energy, and / or a part of cement in the amount of 1 to 25% of the amount of cement in the concrete mixture is replaced by a finely ground mineral additive with binder properties with particle size up to 800 micrometers.
    [2]
    2. The concrete mixture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the finely ground mineral additive with the binder properties is selected from the group consisting of a mixture of materials from the recycled construction and demolition waste with fineness, with the sieve residue of 45 Micrometers below 65%, the raw perlite grain size 0 / 0.07, the finely ground waste, consisting of ceramic insulators with fineness, which is specified with a sieve residue of 63 micrometers below 50%, the fine dust captured during the dedusting of the recycling line for shredding construction waste, consisting exclusively of concretes with a fineness that is specified with a sieve residue of 45 micrometers below 60%, fly ash as an additive of type II for concrete, the fine dust from the aerated concrete from the dedusting when recycling aerated concrete with fineness that specifies less than 50% with the sieve residue of 45 micrometers rt is contains.
    [3]
    3. The concrete mixture according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 in the range of 10 to 100% of the amount of natural aggregate in the concrete mixture is replaced by aggregate grain size 0/4 made of materials with binder properties be selected from a group that includes the crushed mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste, the aggregate grain size 0/4 from the crushed waste consisting of ceramic insulators, the raw perlite grain size 0/4, the Portland clinker grain size 0/4, the aggregate grain size 0/4 from recycling only from concrete, the fly ash grain size 0/4, the slag grain size 0/4 from the production of metals, the aggregate grain size 0/4 from recycling exclusively from aerated concrete, the Aggregate grain size 0/4, consisting of the shredded waste foam glass, ent holds.
    [4]
    4. The concrete mixture according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the slag from the production of metals is selected from the group, the steel works slag, the air-cooled blast furnace slag, the slag from the copper production, the SiMn slag.
    [5]
    5. The concrete mixture according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the natural aggregate is replaced in full by the steel mill slag, the air-cooled blast furnace slag or the shredded waste foam glass or their combinations.
    [6]
    6. The concrete mixture according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the natural aggregate grain sizes 0/4 and 4/8 by steelwork slag grain sizes 0/4 and 4/8 and the natural aggregate grain sizes 8/16 and 16/32 by the cooled Blast furnace slag grain sizes 8/16 and 16/32 or the natural aggregate grain sizes 0/4 and 4/8 can be replaced by the shredded waste foam glass grain sizes 0/4 and 4/8.
    12/13
    AT16 116U1 2019-02-15 Austrian
    Patent Office
    [7]
    7. The concrete mix according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the finely ground mineral additive is based on the same material as the replacement of the natural aggregate in the concrete mix, or on the basis of a chemically related material such as It is a substitute for the natural aggregate in the concrete mix.
    [8]
    8. The concrete mixture according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the finely ground mineral additive consists of the finely ground mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste with fineness, which is specified by sieve residue of 45 microns below 65% , and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the crushed mixture of materials from the recycling of construction and demolition waste grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of the raw perlite grain size 0 / 0.07 and the replacement The natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the raw perlite grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of the finely ground waste, consisting of ceramic insulators with fineness, which is specified by the sieve residue of 63 microns below 50%, and The replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the ze Smaller waste, consisting of ceramic insulators, grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of the fine dust that is captured when the recycling line is dedusted to shred the construction waste, which consists exclusively of concretes with fineness, with the sieve residue of 45 Micrometer below 60% is specified, and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the aggregate from recycling exclusively of concrete grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of fly ash as an additive of type II for concrete and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the fly ash grain size 0/4, or the finely ground mineral additive consists of the fine dust from the aerated concrete from the dedusting during the recycling of aerated concrete with the fineness that with the sieve residue of 45 Micrometers under 50% spec is fected, and the replacement of the natural aggregate grain size 0/4 consists of the crushed aerated concrete grain size 0/4.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE202018105762U1|2018-11-05|
    HU1800361A2|2019-04-29|
    SK8310Y1|2018-12-03|
    SK501052017U1|2018-07-02|
    PL427528A1|2019-05-06|
    CZ32574U1|2019-02-07|
    引用文献:
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    DE19780838B4|1996-08-14|2010-08-12|Karlsruher Institut für Technologie|Process for producing a structural concrete aggregate|
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    DE102006049836A1|2006-10-23|2008-04-24|Hochschule Neubrandenburg|Recovery and use of hydraulic binders from demolition waste concrete comprises grinding waste, optionally enriching binder phase by sieving or sifting and heating product|
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    PL217367B1|2011-03-15|2014-07-31|Collegium Mazovia Innowacyjna Szkoła Wyższa|Concrete resistant to high temperatures|
    PL230095B1|2014-01-30|2018-09-28|Akademia Gorniczo Hutnicza Im Stanislawa Staszica W Krakowie|Method for producing building material with heat-insulating properties|
    PL416054A1|2016-02-08|2017-08-16|Instytut Ceramiki I Materiałów Budowlanych|Mix for producing aggregate concrete|CZ202079A3|2020-02-18|2021-11-18|ERC-TECH a.s.|Fresh self-healing concrete and dry mix for preparing it|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SK50105-2017U|SK8310Y1|2017-10-25|2017-10-25|Concrete mixture|
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